溫室大棚，又稱暖房，如玻璃溫室、塑料溫室；單棟溫室、連棟溫室；單屋(wu)(wu)面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)、雙屋(wu)(wu)面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)；加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)、不加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)等。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)結構(gou)應(ying)密封保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，但(dan)又應(ying)便于通風降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。現代化溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)中具有控制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕度、光照等條(tiao)件(jian)的設備，用電腦(nao)自動控制創造植物所(suo)需的環境(jing)條(tiao)件(jian)。

溫(wen)室大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)主要(yao)配件有：大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)接(jie)頭管(guan)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)頂簧(huang)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)膜槽（卡槽）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)膜簧(huang)（卡簧(huang)）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)護套、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)膜卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)斜撐、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)U型卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)夾(jia)箍、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)固定器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)連接(jie)片、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)膜線、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)門、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)卷(juan)(juan)膜器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)卷(juan)(juan)膜桿、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)雙管(guan)卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)管(guan)管(guan)卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)人字卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)防(fang)(fang)霧薄膜、防(fang)(fang)蟲網等。

性能指標

透光性

溫室是采光建筑，因而透光率是評價溫室透光性能的一項基本指標。透光率是指透進溫室內的光照量與室外光照量的百分比。溫室透光率受溫室透光覆蓋材料透光性能和溫室骨架陰影率的影響，而且隨著不同季節太陽輻射角度的不同，溫室的透光率也在隨時變化。溫室透光率的高低就成為作物生長和選擇種植作物品種的直接影響因素。一般，連棟塑料溫室在50%~60%，玻璃溫室的透光率在60%~70%，日光溫室可達到70%以上。

保溫性

加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)耗(hao)能(neng)是溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)冬季運行(xing)的(de)(de)主要障(zhang)礙。提(ti)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)，降低能(neng)耗(hao)，是提(ti)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)生產效益的(de)(de)直接手段。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)是衡量溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)一項基本指標(biao)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)是指熱(re)阻較小的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)透光材(cai)料覆蓋面積與(yu)熱(re)阻較大(da)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)圍護(hu)結構覆蓋面積同地面積之和的(de)(de)比(bi)。保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)越大(da)，說明(ming)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)的(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)越好(hao)。

溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)大(da)(da)棚的(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)是(shi)十(shi)分(fen)好(hao)的(de)(de)，加(jia)溫(wen)(wen)耗能(neng)是(shi)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)冬季(ji)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)主要障礙(ai)，提(ti)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)大(da)(da)棚的(de)(de)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)，降低能(neng)耗，是(shi)提(ti)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)生(sheng)產效益(yi)的(de)(de)好(hao)方(fang)法。

耐久性

溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)必須(xu)要(yao)(yao)考慮其耐(nai)(nai)久(jiu)性(xing)。溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)耐(nai)(nai)久(jiu)性(xing)受(shou)溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)料耐(nai)(nai)老化性(xing)能(neng)、溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)主體結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)承載(zai)能(neng)力等因素的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。透光(guang)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)久(jiu)性(xing)除了(le)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度外，還表現在(zai)材(cai)料透光(guang)率隨著時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)長(chang)而不斷(duan)衰減，而透光(guang)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)衰減程度是影(ying)響(xiang)透光(guang)材(cai)料使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)決定性(xing)因素。一般鋼結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命在(zai)15年(nian)(nian)以上。要(yao)(yao)求設(she)計風、雪荷載(zai)用(yong)25年(nian)(nian)一遇大(da)荷載(zai)；竹木結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡易溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命5~10年(nian)(nian)，設(she)計風、雪荷載(zai)用(yong)15年(nian)(nian)一遇最大(da)荷載(zai)。