溫室大棚，又稱暖房，如玻璃溫室、塑料溫室；單棟溫室、連棟溫室；單屋面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室、雙(shuang)屋面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室；加(jia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室、不加(jia)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室等。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室結構應密封(feng)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，但又應便于通(tong)風降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。現代化(hua)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室中具(ju)有(you)控制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕度、光照等條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)設備，用(yong)電腦自動控制創造植物所(suo)需的(de)環境條(tiao)件(jian)。

溫室大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)主要(yao)配件(jian)有：大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)接(jie)頭管、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)壓頂(ding)簧、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)壓膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)槽（卡槽）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)壓膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)簧（卡簧）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)護套、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)壓膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)斜撐、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)U型卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)夾(jia)箍、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)固(gu)定器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)連接(jie)片、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)壓膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)線、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)門、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)卷膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)卷膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)桿(gan)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)雙管卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)管管卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)人字(zi)卡、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)防霧(wu)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、防蟲網等。

性能指標

透光性

溫室是采光建筑，因而透光率是評價溫室透光性能的一項基本指標。透光率是指透進溫室內的光照量與室外光照量的百分比。溫室透光率受溫室透光覆蓋材料透光性能和溫室骨架陰影率的影響，而且隨著不同季節太陽輻射角度的不同，溫室的透光率也在隨時變化。溫室透光率的高低就成為作物生長和選擇種植作物品種的直接影響因素。一般，連棟塑料溫室在50%~60%，玻璃溫室的透光率在60%~70%，日光溫室可達到70%以上。

保溫性

加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)耗(hao)能(neng)(neng)是(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冬季(ji)運行的(de)(de)(de)主要障礙。提高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性能(neng)(neng)，降(jiang)低能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)，是(shi)提高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產效益的(de)(de)(de)直接手段。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)是(shi)衡量溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)一項基(ji)本指標。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)是(shi)指熱阻較(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)透光材料(liao)覆蓋(gai)面積(ji)與熱阻較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)圍護結(jie)構覆蓋(gai)面積(ji)同地(di)面積(ji)之和的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)。保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比(bi)越(yue)大，說(shuo)明溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性能(neng)(neng)越(yue)好(hao)。

溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)大棚的(de)(de)保溫(wen)(wen)性能(neng)是(shi)十分好(hao)的(de)(de)，加溫(wen)(wen)耗能(neng)是(shi)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)冬季運行的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)障(zhang)礙，提高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)大棚的(de)(de)保溫(wen)(wen)性能(neng)，降(jiang)低能(neng)耗，是(shi)提高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產效益的(de)(de)好(hao)方法。

耐久性

溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)建設(she)必(bi)須要考慮其耐(nai)(nai)久性。溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)耐(nai)(nai)久性受溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)材(cai)料耐(nai)(nai)老化性能(neng)、溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)主體結構的(de)(de)承(cheng)載能(neng)力等因(yin)素的(de)(de)影(ying)響。透光(guang)材(cai)料的(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)久性除了自(zi)身(shen)的(de)(de)強度外，還表現在材(cai)料透光(guang)率(lv)隨著時間的(de)(de)延長而(er)不斷衰減(jian)，而(er)透光(guang)率(lv)的(de)(de)衰減(jian)程(cheng)度是影(ying)響透光(guang)材(cai)料使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)決定性因(yin)素。一般鋼結構溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命在15年以(yi)上。要求設(she)計風、雪荷載用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)25年一遇大(da)荷載；竹木結構簡易溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命5~10年，設(she)計風、雪荷載用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)15年一遇最(zui)大(da)荷載。